| Effective date | 1 January 2018 | Tax periods (financial years) starting on or after 1 June 2023 |
| Rate | 5% standard rate. Zero-rated categories (exports, international transport, certain education and healthcare) allow input VAT recovery; exempt supplies (certain financial services, residential property, bare land, local passenger transport) do not | 0% on taxable income up to AED 375,000; 9% on the portion above. For a Qualifying Free Zone Person, non-qualifying income is taxed at 9% from the first dirham |
| Registration | Mandatory above AED 375,000 in taxable supplies and imports (rolling 12 months, or anticipated in the next 30 days); voluntary from AED 187,500 (taxable supplies or taxable expenses). Apply within 30 days. Non-residents making taxable supplies: no threshold | All taxable persons, including free zone companies, register via EmaraTax. New companies: within 3 months of incorporation. Natural persons: business turnover above AED 1,000,000 per calendar year |
| Filing frequency | Quarterly standard tax period (three calendar months); the FTA may assign a shorter or longer period | One return per tax period (annual). No interim instalments |
| Filing and payment deadline | 28th day following the end of the tax period, for both the return and the payment (the FTA must have received them) | 9 months from the end of the tax period, for both filing and payment |
| Small business relief | None | Small Business Relief: revenue of AED 3,000,000 or less in the current and all previous tax periods, elected in each return, available for tax periods ending on or before 31 December 2029 (Ministerial Decision No. 131 of 2026). Filing remains mandatory |
| Free zone treatment | Same VAT rules as mainland | Qualifying Free Zone Persons: 0% on qualifying income, 9% on non-qualifying income, subject to substance, de minimis and audit conditions |
| Record keeping | 5 years from the end of the tax period; 7 years for real estate records | 7 years from the end of the tax period |
| Key penalties | Late registration AED 10,000; late filing AED 1,000 (AED 2,000 on repetition within 24 months); late payment 14% per year, applied monthly, no cap | Late registration AED 10,000; late filing AED 500 per month (first 12 months) then AED 1,000 per month; late payment 14% per year, applied monthly, no cap; record keeping failures AED 10,000 (AED 20,000 on repetition) |